Lateral cyclic response of an aluminum model pile in sand     

Jiunn-Shyang Chiou  Zhi-Wei Xu  Cheng-Chang Tsai  Jin-Hung Hwang 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2018,36(5):554-563

Lateral cyclic load tests were performed on an aluminum model pile in dry sand. Two levels of loading were adopted to represent different service load conditions. The maximum number of loading cycles was 1,000. From the test results, it was found that the even though in the service load condition, the pile response was still affected by cyclic effects and a larger load level would produce more significant influence. In a global point of view, the lateral displacement and maximum moment increased with loading cycles, while the secant stiffness within a cycle decreased with cycles. The cyclic effect was more significant on the lateral displacement than on the moment. In a local point of view, cyclic loading would degrade the equivalent subgrade stiffness for the soil shallower than about seven times diameter. In addition, the secant subgrade stiffness within a cycle increased with loading cycles. Some experimental relationships of lateral pile response and loading cycles were built and compared with those in the literature.  相似文献   

Submarine landslide identified in DLW3102 core of the northern continental slope,South China Sea     

Yuanqin Xu  Lejun Liu  Hang Zhou  Baoqi Huang  Ping Li  Xiudong Ma  Feiyin Dong 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2018,17(1):147-155

In this paper, we take DLW3101 core obtained at the top of the canyon(no landslide area) and DLW3102 core obtained at the bottom of the canyon(landslide area) on the northern continental slope of the South China Sea as research objects. The chronostratigraphic framework of the DLW3101 core and elemental strata of the DLW3101 core and the DLW3102 core since MIS5 are established by analyzing oxygen isotope, calcium carbonate content, and X-Ray Fluorescence(XRF) scanning elements. On the basis of the information obtained by analyzing the sedimentary structure and chemical elements in the landslide deposition, we found that the DLW3102 core shows four layers of submarine landslides, and each landslide layer is characterized by high Si, K, Ti, and Fe contents, thereby indicating terrigenous clastic sources. L1(2.15–2.44 m) occurred in MIS2, which is a slump sedimentary layer with a small sliding distance and scale. L2(15.48–16.00 m) occurred in MIS5 and is a debris flow-deposited layer with a scale and sliding distance that are greater than those of L1. L3(19.00–20.90 m) occurred in MIS5; its upper part(19.00–20.00 m) is a debris flow-deposited layer, and its lower part(20.00–20.90 m) is a sliding deposition layer. The landslide scale of L3 is large. L4(22.93–24.27 m) occurred in MIS5; its upper part(22.93–23.50 m) is a turbid sedimentary layer, and its lower part(23.50–24.27m) is a slump sedimentary layer. The landslide scale of L4 is large.  相似文献   

关于地震科学实验场的一些思考——地下云图     

陈颙  徐逸鹤  蔡辉腾  李稳 《中国地震》2018,34(2):165-171

由中国地震局和美国国家科学基金委、地质调查局合作建立的地震预报研究实验场为中国早期地震工作的发展起到了良好的推动作用。由于种种客观原因,地震预报实验场的多数预想目标未能达成,发展受到了阻碍。最近几年,实验场重新受到重视,并更名为"地震科学实验场"。结合目前地震学发展的前沿和防震减灾事业的实际需求,本文提出增加"地下云图"作为实验场的新方向。利用高重复性、环境友好、安全性高的气枪震源,持续激发地震信号,实现对地下介质速度变化的连续监测;结合背景噪声成像获得的高分辨率3维地壳结构,构建4维(三维空间+一维时间)地下结构成像。"地下云图"可以反映地下速度和应力变化,为全国范围的地震监测预测提供新的业务手段,推动地震预测从经验预测到物理预测的转换。  相似文献   

匹配滤波方法研究2016年意大利中部MW6.0地震的余震迁移     

付裕  黄晖  徐鸣洁 《中国地震》2018,34(4):621-631

2016年8月24日意大利中部发生M_W6.0地震，2个月之后，震中附近相继发生M_W5.5、M_W5.9、M_W6.5地震。研究这几次较大地震间的相互触发作用及机制十分必要，然而在大地震之后传统地震目录通常缺失很多余震事件，缺失的余震事件包含着早期余震时空分布和迁移规律的信息，为完善余震目录本文利用匹配滤波方法对M_W6.0地震后80天内的连续数据进行余震检测，得到了数十倍于模板数量的新检测事件，检测事件与模板事件组成的新余震目录完备震级为1.0，提高了地震目录的完备性。依据新余震目录进行余震时空分布研究，结果显示M_W6.0、M_W5.9、M_W6.5地震的早期余震迁移规律不同。M_W6.0地震的早期余震沿着断裂走向同时朝两侧迁移；而M_W5.9、M_W6.5地震的早期余震向南、北迁移表示出不对称的特征。通过拟合余震迁移前端发现，M_W6.0、M_W5.5地震的早期余震朝着随后较大地震的方向迁移，且较符合lgt的特征，表明余震迁移可能与慢滑动有关。  相似文献   

临汾地震台垂直摆倾斜观测资料阶变异常分析     

张红秀  罗振东  邰垣东  郭国祥 《地震地磁观测与研究》2018,39(4):154-157

对临汾地震台垂直摆倾斜观测资料中记录到的阶变型异常图像进行分析，对异常成因进行探讨，希望对观测数据异常判断、数据预处理及地震预测预报的应用研究，提供一定参考。  相似文献   

2017年6月3日阿拉善左旗5.0级地震震源深度测定   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

郝美仙  宋晓燕  徐岩  翟浩 《地震地磁观测与研究》2018,39(2):18-24

2017年6月3日18时11分内蒙古阿拉善左旗（37.99° N，103.56° E）发生5.0级地震，利用近震深度震相sPL测定法、CAP波形反演法、sPn与Pn震相走时差法，进行震源深度精确测定。研究结果表明，3种方法测得的该地震震源深度基本一致，分布范围为8.5—11 km，表明该地震发生在上地壳。  相似文献   

2013-2016年乳山震群b值深度变化特征及意义     

申金超  徐波  张斌  苏道磊  刘晨 《地震地磁观测与研究》2018,39(2):25-32

利用双差定位方法，对2013年10月—2016年12月乳山震群进行重定位，并计算乳山震群中地震集中活动区域b值，分析其深度分布变化。结果显示：地震重定位后表现为近NW向集中分布；b值在震源深度7.4 km上下最小，反映该深度处应力最强；乳山震群b值并不随震源深度增大而呈系统性减小变化，且深度10.2 km以下无有效b值，进一步证实该震群近NW向发震断裂的存在。根据b值随深度的变化特征，推测断裂活动的高应力区域集中在6.5—10.2 km深度范围内，断裂活动在深度7.4 km处应力最强，且水平分布最广；相比上下两侧地壳介质b值在5.5—6.2 km深度层位明显增大，反映该深度层位介质性质存在明显差异。  相似文献   

以颗粒物理原理认识汶川M_W 7.9地震发生前临震预滑和震颤现象     

许健生  黄辅琼  李丽  姜振海  冯红武  董立杰 《地震地磁观测与研究》2018,40(1):21-35

发生在孕震区周边地块上的临震预滑和震颤现象，对破坏性地震预测有一定前兆意义，是值得地震学界关注的问题。选取2008年5月12日汶川M_W 7.9地震发生前，临夏和湟源地震台分量应变仪记录与临夏、恩施和西安地震台数字地震仪记录以及临夏和周至地震台深井水位仪记录，分析发现，在临震前数天至数小时，上述各地震台不同学科观测仪器均记录到一些"跃变"和"震颤"震相。文中试图以颗粒物理原理，来认识不同距离、不同台站、不同学科的观测仪器在临震前相近时间段内记录的低频和高频震相，可能是不同地块在临震前发生预滑错动后激发的预滑震相Xp和地下气体在裂隙内流动激发的震颤震相Tp。观测结果表明：2008年5月8日03时至主震发生，各地震台所处地块在相近时段内逐次发生次数不等的预滑错动，其中1-2次较大错动可在噪声背景中被识别；各地震台预滑错动方向指向或背向主震震中。据此认为：汶川M_W 7.9地震前，上述各地震台所处地块在不同大小、不同方向的力链驱动下，发生指向或背向主震震中的临震预滑现象。  相似文献   

基于多源卫星数据的小型水体蓝藻水华联合监测——以天津于桥水库为例   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

房旭  段洪涛  曹志刚  沈明  葛小三 《湖泊科学》2018,30(4):967-978

近年来水体富营养化呈扩张趋势,蓝藻水华不仅在太湖等大型湖泊频发,水面面积较小的天津于桥水库等也形势严峻,亟需加强卫星遥感监测.但是,以往在太湖等业务化使用非常成功的MODIS等卫星数据(约500 m),由于空间分辨率较低,难以满足小型水体的监测要求;而Landsat-8等空间分辨率较高的卫星数据(30 m),通常重返周期较长,无法满足水华高频监测需求.本文以天津市于桥水库(面积约80 km2)为研究区,针对常用的卫星数据,从空间、时间、光谱范围和数据可获取性共4个方面,评价不同卫星数据蓝藻水华监测能力和算法,同时对不同卫星监测结果一致性进行评估.结果表明:(1)筛选出国产HJ-1A\B CCD、GF-1 WFV和美国Landsat-8 OLI这3种卫星波段合适,空间分辨率较高,适用于桥水库蓝藻水华监测,但考虑到其重返周期较长,建议多星联合观测;(2)各个卫星监测结果与卫星影像目视解译结果基本一致,均方根误差和相对误差均分别控制在0.78 km2和4.9%以内;(3)不同卫星监测结果一致性良好,一致性精度达到99.5%;(4)根据历史影像结果,发现于桥水库2016年水质开始呈富营养化,藻华现象在夏、秋两季最为严重.研究表明,针对小型水面水体蓝藻水华监测,利用较高分辨率数据联合监测,是一种有效的替代策略,今后可在更多小型水域推广.  相似文献   

Burial and exhumation of the Hoh Xil Basin,northern Tibetan Plateau: Constraints from detrital (U-Th)/He ages     

Jin-Gen Dai  Matthew Fox  David L. Shuster  Jeremy Hourigan  Xu Han  Ya-Lin Li  Cheng-Shan Wang 《Basin Research》2020,32(5):894-915

The uplift and associated exhumation of the Tibetan Plateau has been widely considered a key control of Cenozoic global cooling. The south-central parts of this plateau experienced rapid exhumation during the Cretaceous–Palaeocene periods. When and how the northern part was exhumed, however, remains controversial. The Hoh Xil Basin (HXB) is the largest late Cretaceous–Cenozoic sedimentary basin in the northern part, and it preserves the archives of the exhumation history. We present detrital apatite and zircon (U-Th)/He data from late Cretaceous–Cenozoic sedimentary rocks of the western and eastern HXB. These data, combined with regional geological constraints and interpreted with inverse and forward model of sediment deposition and burial reheating, suggest that the occurrence of ca. 4–2.7 km and ca. 4–2.3 km of vertical exhumation initiated at ca. 30–25 Ma and 40–35 Ma in the eastern and western HXB respectively. The initial differential exhumation of the eastern HXB and the western HXB might be controlled by the oblique subduction of the Qaidam block beneath the HXB. The initial exhumation timing in the northern Tibetan Plateau is younger than that in the south-central parts. This reveals an episodic exhumation of the Tibetan Plateau compared to models of synchronous Miocene exhumation of the entire plateau and the early Eocene exhumation of the northern Tibetan Plateau shortly after the India–Asia collision. One possible mechanism to account for outward growth is crustal shortening. A simple model of uplift and exhumation would predict a maximum of 0.8 km of surface uplift after upper crustal shortening during 30–27 Ma, which is insufficient to explain the high elevations currently observed. One way to increase elevation without changing exhumation rates and to decouple uplift from upper crustal shortening is through the combined effects of continental subduction, mantle lithosphere removal and magmatic inflation.  相似文献